Web Survey Bibliography
Title How to Mix Modes
Author de Leeuw, E. D.
Source Journal of Official Statistics, 20th Anniversary, Special Event
Year 2005
Access date 14.09.2005
Abstract Traditionally in social surveys and official statistics data were collected either by an interviewer visiting a respondent or through a self-administered mail questionnaire. In the second half of the twentieth century this picture changed rapidly. Telephone surveys became increasingly popular, reaching their zenith at the 1990's. Advances in computer technology in the last thirty years, made computer-assisted survey methods possible, including methods for internet and web surveys. This variety of data collection methods led to methodological questions, such as, which method to choose and which is best? Recently in survey practice multiple modes of data collection or mixed modes have become more and more popular. In this presentation we will outline the advantages and disadvantages of mixed mode survey designs. We start with reasons for using more than one mode in a survey. We will proceed with an overview of common forms of mixed mode design and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of mixed modes. Our overview will end with a discussion of practical issues and an agenda for future research.
Year of publication2005
Bibliographic typeConferences, workshops, tutorials, presentations
Web Survey Bibliography - Journal of Official Statistics (75)
- Addressing Disclosure Concerns and Analysis Demands in a Real-Time Online Analytic System; 2013; Krenzke, T., Gentleman, J. F., Li, J., Moriarity, C.
- The General Survey System Initiative at RTI International: An Integrated System for the Collection and...; 2013; Thalji, L., Mitchell, S., Hill, C. A., Suresh, R., Speizer, H., Pratt, D.
- Consolidation and Standardization of Survey Operations at a Decentralized Federal Statistical Agency; 2013; Nealon, J., Gleaton, E.
- Disfluencies and Gaze Aversion in Unreliable Responses to Survey Questions; 2012; Schober, M. F., Conrad, F. G., Dijkstra, W., Ongena, Y. P.
- Evaluating Survey Questions: A Comparison of Methods; 2012; Yan, T., Kreuter, F., Tourangeau, R.
- Use of Paradata in a Responsive Design Framework to Manage a Field Data Collection; 2012; Wagner, J., West, B. T., Kirgis, N., Lepkowski, J. M., Axinn, W., Kruger-Ndiaye, S.
- Improving RDD Cell Phone Samples. Evaluation of Different Pre-call Validation Methods; 2012; Kunz, T., Fuchs, M.
- An Examination of Within-Person Variation in Response Propensity over the Data Collection Field Period...; 2012; Olson, K., Groves, R. M.
- Toward a Benefit-Cost Theory of Survey Participation: Evidence, Further Tests, and Implications; 2011; Singer, E.
- Indicators for Monitoring and Improving Representativeness of Response; 2011; Schouten, B., Shlomo, N., Skinner, C.
- Proxy Pattern-Mixture Analysis for Survey Nonresponse; 2011; Andridge, R. R. Little, R. J.
- Designing Input Fields for Non-Narrative Open-Ended Responses in Web Surveys; 2011; Couper, M. P., Kennedy, C., Conrad, F. G., Tourangeau, R.
- Breakoff and Unit Nonresponse Across Web Surveys; 2011; Peytchev, A.
- Sources of measurement errors in business surveys; 2010; Bavda¾, M.
- Combining Link-Tracing Sampling and Cluster Sampling to Estimate Totals and Means of Hidden Human Populations...; 2010; Félix-Medina, M. H., Monjardin, P. E.
- Increasing Respondents' Use of Definitions in Web Surveys; 2010; Peytchev, A., Conrad, F. G., Couper, M. P., Tourangeau, R.
- Contact Strategies to Improve Participation via the Web in a Mixed-Mode Mail and Web Survey; 2010; Holmberg, A., Lorenc, B., Werner, P.
- Questionnaire Design Guidelines for Establishment Surveys; 2010; Morrison, R. L., Dillman, D. A., Christian, L. M.
- Design of Web Questionnaires: The Effect of Layout in Rating Scales; 2009; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- The Presentation of a Web Survey, Nonresponse and Measurement Error among Members of Web Panel; 2009; Tourangeau, R., Groves, R. M., Kennedy, C., Yan, T.
- Dependent Interviewing: Effects on Respondent Burden and Efficiency of Data Collection; 2008; Jaeckle, A.
- Seam Effects in Longitudinal Surveys; 2008; Callegaro, M.
- Risk of Disclosure, Perceptions of Risk, and Concerns about Privacy and Confidentiality as Factors in...; 2008; Couper, M. P.; Singer, E.; Daver, J. A.; Conrad, F. G.; Groves, R. M.
- Dual Frame Web#Telephone Sampling for Rare Groups; 2006; Blair, E., Blair, J.
- Merely Incidental?: Effects of Response Format on Self-reported Behavior; 2006; Thomas, R. K., Klein, J. D.
- The Influence of Web-based Questionnaire Presentation Variations on Survey Cooperation and Perceptions...; 2006; Walston, J. T., Lissitz, R. W., Rudner, L. M.
- Can Web and Mail Survey Modes Improve Participation in an RDD-based National Health Surveillance?; 2006; Link, M. W., Mokdad, A.
- Dropouts on the Web: Effects of Interest and Burden Experienced During an Online Survey; 2006; Galesic, M.
- Propensity Score Adjustment as a Weighting Scheme for Volunteer Panel Web Surveys; 2006; Lee, Sunghee
- Use and Non-use of Clarification Features in Web Surveys; 2006; Conrad, F. G., Couper, M. P., Tourangeau, R., Peytchev, A.
- Putting a Questionnaire on the Web is not Enough # A Comparison of Online and Offline Surveys Conducted...; 2006; Faas, T., Schoen, H.; de Rouvray, C.
- An Experimental Study on the Effects of Personalization, Survey Length Statements, Progress Indicators...; 2006; Heerwegh, D., Loosveldt, G.
- How to Mix Modes; 2005; de Leeuw, E. D.
- Promoting Uniform Question Understanding in Today's and Tomorrow's Surveys; 2005; Conrad, F. G., Schober, M. F.
- To Mix or Not to Mix Data Collection Modes in Surveys; 2005; de Leeuw, E. D.
- Telephone, Internet, and Paper Data Collection Modes for the Census 2000 Short Form; 2005; Schneider, S. J., Cantor, D., Malakhoff, L., Arieira, C., Segel, P., Nguyen, K.-L., Guarino Tancreto...
- List-based Web Surveys: Quality, Timeliness, and Nonresponse in the Steps of the Participation Flow; 2004; Pratesi, M., Lozar Manfreda, K., Biffignandi, S., Vehovar, V.
- List-based Web Surveys: Quality, Timeliness, and Nonresponse in the Steps of the Participation Flow; 2004; Pratesi, M., Lozar Manfreda, K., Biffignandi, S., Vehovar, V.
- Does Voice Matter? An Interactive Voice Response (IVR) Experiment; 2004; Couper, M. P., Singer, E., Tourangeau, R.
- TADEQ: A Tool for the Documentation and Analysis of Electronic Questionnaires; 2004; Bethlehem, J., Hundepool, A.
- Identifying and Reducing Response Burdens in Internet Business Surveys; 2004; Haraldsen, G.
- Weighting methods; 2003; Kalton, G., Flores Cervantes, I.
- Prevention and Treatment of Item Nonresponse; 2003; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Huisman, M.
- Models in the Practice of Survey Sampling (Revisited); 2002; Kalton, G.
- A Comparison Between Mail and Web Surveys: Response Pattern, Respondent Profile, and Data Quality; 2002; Kwak, N., Radler, B.T.
- Developing Usability Guidelines for AudioCasi Respondents with Limited Literacy Skills; 2000; Schneider, S. J., Edwards, B.
- Technology Effects: Do CAPI or PAPI Interviews Take Longer?; 2000; Fuchs, M., Couper, M. P., Hansen, S. E.
- Calibration as a standard method for treatment of nonresponse; 1999; Lundstrom, S., Sarndal, C.-E.
- A Comparison of Mail and E-mail for a Survey of Employees in U.S. Statistical Agencies; 1999
- A Disk by Mail Survey of Pupils in Primary Schools: Data Quality and Logistics; 1999; van Hattum, M. J. C., de Leeuw, E. D.