Web Survey Bibliography
We conducted two Web experiments to examine the quality of data from visual analogue scales (VAS) and to investigate if the scales are used consistently across different cultural areas. In the first study, the sample consisted of German students (n = 355). The participants were asked to repeatedly allocate 13 different percentages on a VAS (the ends were labelled with 0% respectively 100%). We analyzed the precision by comparing target values and actual values across scales with different lengths. Furthermore, we checked for equidistance by comparing numerical intervals to the corresponding intervals on the VAS. Result: There is strong evidence that data from VAS are on the level of an interval scale (see Reips & Funke, in press). This leads to another research question: Can the findings from Study 1 be generalized beyond well-educated Germans? In a second experiment, we replicated Study 1 with a US sample (n = 380) consisting of members of a commercial online access pool representing a more diverse population from another cultural area. The combination of both studies allowed us to compare ratings by respondents with different cultural backgrounds (US vs. German sample). Furthermore, we compared scale use by respondents with different education, age and state of residence within the US sample.
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Web Survey Bibliography - Funke, F. (36)
- Slide to ruin data: How slider scales may negatively affect data quality and what to do about it; 2013; Funke, F.
- HTML5 and mobile Web surveys: A Web experiment on new input types; 2013; Funke, F.
- Break-off and attrition in the GIP amongst technologically experienced and inexperienced participants...; 2013; Blom, A. G., Bossert, D., Clark, V., Funke, F., Gebhard, F., Holthausen, A., Krieger, U., Wachenfeld...
- Nonresponse and Nonresponse Bias in a Probability-Based Internet Panel; 2013; Blom, A. G., Bossert, D., Funke, F., Gebhard, F., Holthausen, A., Krieger, U.
- Enhancing Web Surveys With New HTML5 Input Types; 2012; Funke, F.
- Mobile Survey Participation Rates in Commercial Market Research: A Meta-Analysis; 2012; Bosnjak, M., Poggio, T., Becker, K. R., Funke, F., Wachenfeld, A., Fischer, B.
- High potential for mobile Web surveys: Findings from a survey representative for German Internet users...; 2012; Funke, F., Wachenfeld, A.
- Better low-tech than sorry: How technophile questionnaires may affect psychological representativeness...; 2012; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Why semantic differentials in Web-based research should be made from visual analogue scales and not...; 2012; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Web-based rating scales: HTML 5 and other innovations; 2011; Funke, F.
- Ignoring the compatibility of online questionnaires may bias the psychological composition of your sample...; 2011; Funke, F.
- Slider Scales Causing Serious Problems With Less Educated Respondents; 2011; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D., Thomas, R. K.
- Explaining more variance with visual analogue scales: A Web experiment; 2011; Funke, F.
- Sliders for the Smart: Type of Rating Scale on the Web Interacts With Educational Level; 2011; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D., Thomas, R. K.
- Internet-Based Measurement With Visual Analogue Scales: An Experimental Investigation; 2010; Funke, F.
- Twisting rating scales in Web surveys: Slider scales versus categorical scales of horizontal versus...; 2009; Funke, F. Reips, U. -D. Thomas, R. K.
- Semantic differentials made from visual analogue scales: Expanding the survey designer's menu; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Making small effects observable: Reducing error by using visual analogue scales; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Increasing Confidence in Survey Estimates with Visual Analogue Scales; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D., Thomas, R. K.
- Twisting Rating Scales: Horizontal versus Vertical Visual Analogue Scales versus Categorical Scales...; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Yes, VASs can! Increasing the accuracy of survey measurements with computerized visual analogue scales...; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Response Formats in Cross-cultural Comparisons in Web-based Surveys; 2009; Thomas, R. K.l, Terhanian, G., Funke, F.
- Results from 6 Independent Web Experiments Comparing Visual Analogue Scales with Categorical Scales; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Formatting Error with Visual Analogue Scales in Web Surveys; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Assessing Semantic Differentials with Visual Analogue Scales in Web Surveys; 2008; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Visual Analogue Scales in Cross Cultural Web Surveys ; 2008; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D., Thomas, R. K.
- Interval-level measurement with visual analogue scales in Internet-based research: VAS generator; 2008; Reips, U. -D., Funke, F.,
- Visual Analogue Scales Versus Categorical Scales: Respondent Burden, Cognitive Depth, and Data Quality...; 2008; Funke, F.,Reips, U. -D.
- Improving Data Quality in Web Surveys with Visual Analogue Scales; 2007; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Using Audio and Video Clips in Web Surveys — Feasibility and Impact on Data Quality; 2007; Fuchs, M., Funke, F.
- Video Web Surveys: Results from field-experimental comparisons with text-based Web surveys; 2007; Fuchs, M., Funke, F.
- Improving Data Quality in Web Surveys with Visual Analogue Scales; 2007; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- VASgenerator.net - A Web-Based Tool for Creating Visual Analogue Scales ; 2007; Reips, U. -D., Funke, F.
- Dynamic Forms: Online Surveys 2.0 ; 2007; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Visual Analogue Scales: Non-linear Data Categorization by Transformation with Reduced Extremes; 2006; Funke, F., Reips, U. -D.
- Visual analogue scales in online surveys; 2005; Funke, F.