Mobile phones penetration is increasing very fast in China, with more mobile phones than the adult population in some big cities and rapidly expanding even in rural areas with relatively low fixed line penetration. This trend suggests mobile phones will soon play a critical role in survey based research in China. Th is study focuses on the methodological questions that need to be answered before using mobile phone surveys in China instead of fixed line telephone surveys, including fieldwork organization, frame coverage, response rates and the impact of incentives. It also yields cross city comparisons on crime victimization.