Web Survey Bibliography
This article shows that respondents gain meaning from visual cues in a web survey as well as from verbal cues (words). We manipulated the layout of a five point rating scale using verbal, graphical, numerical, and symbolic language. This paper extends the existing literature in four directions: (1) all languages (verbal, graphical, numeric, and symbolic) are individually manipulated on the same rating scale, (2) a heterogeneous sample is used, (3) in which way personal characteristics and a respondent's need to think and evaluate account for variance in survey responding is analyzed, and (4) a web survey is used. Our experiments show differences due to verbal and graphical language but no effects of numeric or symbolic language are found. Respondents with a high need for cognition and a high need to evaluate are affected more by layout than respondents with a low need to think or evaluate. Furthermore, men, the elderly, and the highly educated are the most sensible for layout effects.
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Web Survey Bibliography - Toepoel, V. (23)
- Effects of Incentives in Surveys; 2012; Toepoel, V.
- Building Your Own Online Panel Via E-Mail and Other Digital Media; 2012; Toepoel, V.
- Recruiting A Probability Sample For An Online Panel: Effects Of Contact Mode, Incentives, And Information...; 2012; Scherpenzeel, A., Toepoel, V.
- Panel Recruitment via Facebook; 2011; Toepoel, V.
- Nonparametric Tests of Panel Conditioning and Attrition Bias in Panel Surveys; 2011; Das, M., Toepoel, V., van Soest, A.
- Discussion: "Conducting Respondent Driven Sampling on the Web: An Experimental Approach to Recruiting...; 2011; Toepoel, V.
- Response Quantity, Response Quality, and Costs of Building an Online Panel via Social Contacts.; 2011; Toepoel, V.
- Can Verbal Instructions Counteract Visual Context Effects in Web Surveys?; 2011; Toepoel, V., Couper, M. P.
- Words, Numbers, and Visual Heuristics in Web Surveys: Is There a Hierarchy of Importance?; 2011; Toepoel, V., Dillman, D. A.
- How Visual Design Affects the Interpretability of Survey Questions; 2010; Toepoel, V., Dillman, D. A.
- Words, Numbers and Visual Heuristics in Web Surveys: Is There a Hierarchy of Importance?; 2009; Toepoel, V., Dillman, D. A.
- Design of Web Questionnaires: The Effect of Layout in Rating Scales; 2009; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Relating Question Type to Panel Conditioning: A comparison between trained and fresh respondents; 2009; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Pictures in Web Surveys; 2009; Toepoel, V., Couper, M. P.
- Panel Conditioning in Web Surveys: A Comparison between Trained and Fresh Respondents; 2009; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Visual Heuristics and Answer Formats in Rating Scales; 2009; Toepoel, V. Dillman, D. A.
- Relating Question Type to Panel Conditioning: Comparing Trained and Fresh Respondents; 2009; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Design of Web Questionnaires: The Effects of the Number of Items per Screen; 2009; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Effects of Design in Web Surveys: Comparing Trained and Fresh Respondents ; 2009; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Design of Web Questionnaires: An Information-Processing Perspective for the Effect of Response Categories...; 2009; Toepoel, V., Vis, C., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Design effects in web surveys: comparing trained and fresh respondents; 2008; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.
- Can I use a panel? Panel conditioning and attrition bias in panel surveys; 2007; Das, M., Toepoel, V., van Soest, A.
- Design of Web Questionnaires: The Effect of Layout in Rating Scales ; 2006; Toepoel, V., Das, M., van Soest, A.