Web Survey Bibliography
Background: Sample size calculations require effect size estimations. Sometimes, effect size estimations and standard deviation may not be readily available, particularly if efficacy is unknown because the intervention is new or developing, or the trial targets a new population. In such cases, one way to estimate the effect size is to gather expert opinion. This paper reports the use of a simple strategy to gather expert opinion to estimate a suitable effect size to use in a sample size calculation. Methods: Researchers involved in the design and analysis of clinical trials were identified at the University of Birmingham and via the MRC Hubs for Trials Methodology Research. An email invited them to participate. An online questionnaire was developed using the free online tool 'Survey Monkey'. The questionnaire described an intervention, an electronic participant information sheet (e-PIS), which may increase recruitment rates to a trial. Respondents were asked how much they would need to see recruitment rates increased by, based on 90%. 70%, 50% and 30% baseline rates, (in a hypothetical study) before they would consider using an e-PIS in their research. Analyses comprised simple descriptive statistics. Results: The invitation to participate was sent to 122 people; 7 responded to say they were not involved in trial design and could not complete the questionnaire, 64 attempted it, 26 failed to complete it. Thirty-eight people completed the questionnaire and were included in the analysis (response rate 33%; 38/115). Of those who completed the questionnaire 44.7% (17/38) were at the academic grade of research fellow 26.3% (10/38) senior research fellow, and 28.9% (11/38) professor. Dependent upon the baseline recruitment rates presented in the questionnaire, participants wanted recruitment rate to increase from 6.9% to 28.9% before they would consider using the intervention. Conclusions: This paper has shown that in situations where effect size estimations cannot be collected from previous research, opinions from researchers and trialists can be quickly and easily collected by conducting a simple study using email recruitment and an online questionnaire. The results collected from the survey were successfully used in sample size calculations for a PhD research study protocol.
NCBI Database (full text)/(abstract)
Web Survey Bibliography - Email surveys (319)
- Ten questions to ask your online survey provider; 2013; Williams, D.
- Survey quality prediction system 2.0; 2013
- The E-Interview in Qualitative Research; 2013; Bampton, R., Cowton, C., Downs, Y.
- Methodological Considerations of Qualitative Email Interviews; 2013; Nehls, K.
- The effects of item saliency and question design on measurement error in a self-administered survey; 2012; Stern, M. J., Smyth, J. D., Mendez, J.
- The cross platform report. Q2 -2012 - US; 2012
- Sensitive topics in PC Web and mobile web surveys: Is there a difference?; 2012; Mavletova, A. M., Couper, M. P.
- Mobile email opens report 2nd half 2011; 2012
- Guide to social science data preparation. Best practice throughout the data life cycle; 2012
- Boosting Web pick-up Rates by referring to Compliance Principles ; 2012; Falnes-Dalheim, E., Haraldsen, G., Sundvoll, A.
- 2010 ACS Content Test Evaluation Report Covering Computer and Internet ; 2012; Shin, H. B.
- Use of Response Propensities; 2012; Bethlehem, J., Biffignandi, S.
- The Problem of Self-Selection; 2012; Bethlehem, J.,Biffignandi, S.
- E-Mail Surveys; 2012; Mesch, G.
- Using Mixed-Mode Contacts to Facilitate Participation in Public Agency Client Surveys; 2012; Israel, G. D.
- An Analysis of the AAPOR 2011 Membership Survey Nonresponse and Paradata; 2012; Hammer, H., Murphy, J., Hamel, L., Harrison, C.
- User agent; 2011
- The smart(phone) way to collect survey data; 2011; Stapleton, C.
- The changing role of address-based sampling in survey research; 2011; Iannacchione, V. G.
- Mobile, webmail, desktops: Where are we viewing email now?; 2011
- A meta-analysis of experiments manipulating progress indicators in Web surveys; 2011; Callegaro, M., Villar, A., Yang, Y.
- Online Surveys: Past, Present, and Future; 2011; de Leeuw, E. D.
- Using e-mail recruitment and an online questionnaire to establish effect size: A worked example ; 2011; Kirkby, H. M., Calver, M., Draper, H., Calvert, M., Wilson, S.
- The use of email‐facilitated interviewing with higher functioning autistic people participating...; 2011; Benford, P., Standen, P.
- E-survey (surveys based on e-mail & web) Analysis and identification of cold responsive proteins in...; 2011; Sodabeh, J.-G., Ferdous, R.-J., Lello, Z., Ghasem, K., Ghasem, H. S., Gholipoori, A., Siroos, M., Sajjad...
- E-survey (surveys based on e-mail & web); 2011; Kalantari, D. H., Kalantari, D. E., Maleki, S.
- Response Rates and Data Quality in Web and Mail Surveys Administered to PhD Holders; 2011; Barrios, M., Villarroya, A., Borrego, A., Olle, C.
- The multidimensional integral business survey response model; 2010; Bavdaž, M.
- The impact of next and back buttons on time to complete and measurement reliability in computer-based...; 2010; Gershon, R. C. et al.
- Sources of measurement errors in business surveys; 2010; Bavdaž, M.
- Recruiting probability samples for a multi-mode research panel with Internet and mail components; 2010; Rao, K.
- Take these steps to build your research on a solid foundation ; 2010; Hardy, M.
- Randomized trial showed that an “embedded” survey strategy optimized authorization rates...; 2010; Murdoch, M., Pietila, D. M., Partin, M. R.
- Questionnaire Design of Self-Administered Paper and Online Surveys: Efficiency Considerations ; 2010; Lehtmets, D.
- Using Web Surveys To Determine Audience Characteristics And Product Preferences; 2010; Philbrick, J. H., Bart, B., F. F.Smith, R. F.
- Using the Internet to Survey Small Towns and Communities: Limitations and Possibilities in the Early...; 2010; Smyth, J. D., Dillman, D. A., Christian, L. M., O'Neill, A. C.
- Exploring mode effects in a panel survey of new businesses; 2009; Santos, B., DesRoches, D.
- The Effects of the Initial Mode of Contact on the Response Rate and Data Quality in an Internet-Based...; 2009; Wiseman, F.
- Having their say: email interviews for research data collection with people who have verbal communication...; 2009; Ison, N.
- The Impact of Personalized Prenotification on Response Rates to an Electronic Survey; 2009; Hart, A. M., Brennan, C. W., Sym, D., Larson, E.
- Online Versus Paper: Format Effects in Tourism Surveys; 2009; Dolnicar, S., Laesser, C., Matus, K.
- Web-based surveys as an alternative to traditional mail methods ; 2009; Fleming, C. M., Bowden, M.
- Usability testing; 2008; Roe, D. J.
- The advisory panel on online public opinion survey quality - Final report June 4, 2008; 2008
- Email survey; 2008; Porter, S. R.
- Swedish National Data Service's Strategy for Sharing and Mediating Data; 2008; Carlhed, C., Alfredsson, I.
- Using Web Surveys to Reach Community College Students: An Analysis of Response Rates and Response Bias...; 2008; Sax, L. J., Gilmartin, S. K., Hagedorn, L. S., Lee, J. J.
- Asking the age question in mail and online surveys; 2008; Gendall, P., Healey, B.
- A Comparison of Address-Based Sampling (ABS) Versus Random-Digit Dialing (RDD) for General Population...; 2008; W., Battaglia, M. P., Frankel, M. R., Osborn, L., Mokdad, A.Link, M. W.
- Prenotification in Web-Based Access Panel Surveys: The Influence of Mobile Text Messaging Versus E-Mail...; 2008; Bosnjak, M., Neubarth, W., Couper, M. P., Bandilla, W., Kaczmirek, L.
