Web Survey Bibliography
Many recent studies have used mixed mode surveys to help reduce nonresponse rates (e.g., Link & Mokdad, 2006; Dillman, et al., 2009), but few have directly observed the effect using these mixed mode designs has on nonresponse bias compared to single mode designs. This paper will examine nonresponse bias properties of sequential mixed mode designs compared to single mode designs. To address this question, we use the 2009 Quality of Life in a Changing Nebraska (QLCN) survey in which a sample of 1,229 Nebraska residents are assigned to one of four experimental groups receiving either a single mode (mail or web) or a sequential mixed mode survey (mail with web follow-up; web with mail follow-up). First, we find significant differences between respondents and nonrespondents in age, marital status, education, and owning a home across experimental groups. Second, we compare those who participated by mail with those who participated by web across the experimental groups and find that receiving any follow-up to a web questionnaire, whether mail or web, significantly changes the nonresponse bias properties of survey estimates. Conversely, receiving a mail or web follow-up to a mail questionnaire has little change in respect to the nonresponse bias of survey estimates. Finally, we examine differences in early to late respondents within each experimental group and find that there are few differences between early and late respondents, with the exception of the web with mail follow-up group. These findings suggest that the primary mode a respondent receives has the largest effect on the change in the nonresponse bias properties of survey estimates.
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Web survey bibliography - Olson, K. (13)
- The Effect of CATI Questions, Respondents, and Interviewers on Response Time; 2016; Olson, K.; Smyth, J. D.
- Identifying predictors of survey mode preference; 2015; Millar, M. M.; Olson, K.; Smyth, J. D.
- The Effect of Answering in a Preferred Versus a Non-Preferred Survey Mode on Measurement; 2014; Smyth, J. D., Olson, K., Kasabian, A.
- Assessing Within-Household Selection Methods in Household Mail Surveys; 2014; Olson, K., Stange, M., Smyth, J. D.
- Accuracy of Within-household Selection in Web and Mail Surveys of the General Population.; 2014; Olson, K., Smyth, J. D.
- Using Eye Tracking to Examine the Visual Design of Web Surveys; 2014; Zhou, Q., Ricci, K., Olson, K., Smyth, J. D.
- Analyzing Paradata to Investigate Measurement Error; 2013; Yan, T., Olson, K.
- Are You Seeing What I am Seeing? Exploring Response Option Visual Design Effects With Eye-Tracking; 2013; Libman, A., Smyth, J. D., Olson, K.
- Does Giving People Their Preferred Survey Mode Actually Increase Survey Participation Rates?; 2012; Olson, K., Smyth, J. D., Wood, H.
- Literacy and Data Quality in Self-Administered Surveys; 2011; Smyth, J. D., Olson, K.
- Medium Node: NSF Census Research Network; 2011; McCutcheon, A. L., Belli, R. F., Olson, K., Smyth, J. D., Soh, L.-K.
- Comparing Numeric and Text Open-End Responses in Mail and Web Surveys.; 2011; Olson, K., Smyth, J.
- When do nonresponse follow-ups improve or reduce data quality? A meta-analysis and review of the existing...; 2008; Olson, K., Feng, C., Witt, L.