Web Survey Bibliography
Past research suggests that mail surveys encourage a primacy effect, which is a tendency to choose the first answers from a list, whereas telephone surveys encourage a recency effect, a tendency to choose the last answers from a list. This paper summarizes results from 82 new experiments conducted in 12 separate surveys in seven states. Only four of 33 mail survey comparisons exhibited significant primacy effects, while five of 26 experiments in telephone surveys exhibited recency effects. In addition, only three of 23 cross-method comparisons produced a significant primacy/recency effect in the expected manner. The conclusion is that the prevalence of primacy and recency effects has been over-estimated by past research and a new theoretical approach that takes into account multiple causation is needed for examining these effects.
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Web survey bibliography - 1995 (13)
- The effect of computer-assisted interviewing on data quality: A review.; 1995; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Snijkers, G.
- Subsequent questions may influence answers to preceding questions in mail surveys; 1995; Schwarz, N., Hippler, H. J.
- How to conduct self-administered and mail surveys; 1995; Bourque, L. B., Fielder, E. P.
- Alternative methods of presenting bi-polar scales in telephone interviews: 1 to 7 vs. -3 to +3 and neutral...; 1995; Schaeffer, N. C., Baker, K.
- A review of the 1992 VRS Exit Poll; 1995; Mitofsky, W. J., Edelman, M.
- The effects of alternative methods of collecting similarity data for multidimensional scaling; 1995; Bijmolt, T. H. A., Wedel, M.
- The Prodigy Experiment in Using e-Mail for Tracking Public Opinion; 1995; Werner, J., Maisel, R., Robinson, K.
- Computer-assisted Personal Interviewing: An Experimental Evaluation of Data Quality and Cost; 1995; Baker, R. P., Bradburn, N. M., Johnson, R. A.
- Method of psychological assessment, self disclosure, and experiential differences: A study of computer...; 1995; Loke, S. D., Gilbert, B. O.
- Respondent preferences toward audio-CASI and how that affects data quality; 1995; Kinsey, S. H., Thornberry, J. S., Carson, C. P., Duffer, A. P.
- Focus groups on the Internet: an interesting idea but not a good one; 1995; Greenbaum, T.
- An Exploratory-Study of The Perceived Benefits of Electronic Bulletin Board Use and Their Impact on...; 1995; Wotring, C. E., Forrest E. J., James, M. L.
- The numeric values of rating scales: A comparison of their impact in mail surveys and telephone interviews...; 1994; Schwarz, N., Hippler, H. J.