Web Survey Bibliography
A key choice in the design of web surveys is whether to place the survey questions in a multitude of short pages or in long scrollable pages. There are advantages and disadvantages of each approach depending on the length, content, and complexity of the instrument. A few studies have experimentally examined the two designs, but these have been limited by small sample sizes, restricted evaluation criteria, and the types of instruments used, yielding inconclusive or contradictory findings. The often unrealistic assumption that all questions are relevant for all respondents (absence of a skip pattern) further limits the applicability of these results. These findings may have also been affected by time, as vast changes in the technology and web experience of respondents have occurred since then. In March 2003, we conducted a survey of over 21,000 undergraduate students at the University of Michigan. Ten percent of the 10,000 respondents were directed to the scrollable version of the survey, containing a single HTML form for each of the major sections. The balance were assigned to the paging version, in which questions were presented in small logical groupings to be visible on the screen without scrolling. The instrument contained over 100 questions, including topics that vary in sensitivity and desirability such as tobacco, alcohol, drugs, and sexual behavior. The survey also permitted comparison of the effect of skip patterns by implementing skip instructions and hyperlinks in the scrollable design, and also recorded time at the end of each of the five topical sections. A variety of process and outcome measures were used to explore differences between the two designs. We will present the results of these comprehensive analyses and address issues of the relative suitability of the alternative design approaches for different types of Web surveys.
Web survey bibliography - Crawford, S. D. (25)
- The Effect of Mobile Web Survey Design on Screen Orientation Manipulation; 2014; Young, R.H.; Crawford, S. D.; Couper, M. P.; Nelson, T. F.
- Understanding Mobility: Consent and Capture of Geolocation Data in Web Surveys; 2014; Crawford, S. D.; McClain, C.; Young, R.H.; Nelson, T. F.
- Grid Formats, Data Quality, and Mobile Device Use: A Questionnaire Design Approach; 2013; McClain, C., Crawford, S. D.
- Examining the Feasibility of SMS as a Contact Mode for a College Student Survey; 2013; Crawford, S. D., McClain, C., O'Brien, S., Nelson, T. F.
- Web Survey Live Validations - What Are They Doing?; 2011; Crawford, S. D., McClain, C.
- Multi-Mode and Method Experiment in a Study of Nurses; 2010; Friese, C. R., Lee, C. S., O'Brien, S., Crawford, S. D.
- The Impact of Textual Messages of Encouragement on Web Survey Breakoffs: An Experiment ; 2009; Sakshaug, J. W., Crawford, S. D.
- Do Tailored Messages of Encouragement Reduce Web Survey Break-offs?; 2007; Sakshaug, J. W., Crawford, S. D., Inkelas, K. K.
- Web-Based Consent Form Design: An Experiment with Two Populations; 2006; Crawford, S. D., Eisenberg, D., Wimsatt, L., Golberstein, E.
- Using Interactive Web-Based Maps; 2006; Sinibaldi, J., Showen, S., Crawford, S. D., Saltz, R.
- The Social Science Web Survey System: Moving from 2.0 to 3.0; 2006; Crawford, S. D.
- Web Survey Design: Paging versus Scrolling; 2006; Peytchev, A., Couper, M. P., McCabe, S. E., Crawford, S. D.
- Unintended Consequences of Incentive Induced Response Rate Differences; 2005; Pope, D., Crawford, S. D., Johnson, E. O., McCabe, S. E.
- Using the Web to Survey College Students: Institutional Characteristics That Influence Survey Quality...; 2005; Crawford, S. D., McCabe, S. E., Inkelas, K. K.
- Mode effects for collecting alcohol and tobacco data among 3rd and 4th grade students: A randomized...; 2005; McCabe, S. E., Boyd, C. J., Young, A., Crawford, S. D., Pope, D.
- Developmnent and testing of web questionnaires; 2004; Baker, R. P., Crawford, S. D., Swinehart, J.
- Web Survey Design: Paging vs. Scrolling; 2004; Peytchev, A., Crawford, S. D., McCabe, S. E., Conrad, F. G., Couper, M. P.
- Validations in Web-based Surveys; 2003; Crawford, S. D., Peytchev, A.
- What They See Is What We Get: Response Options for Web Surveys; 2003; Couper, M. P., Tourangeau, R., Conrad, F. G., Crawford, S. D.
- The local/global decision in Internet research; 2002; Crawford, S. D., Jones, S., Rowen, C.
- Evaluation of Web Survey Data Collection Systems; 2002; Crawford, S. D.
- From Mail to Web: Improving Response Rates and Data Collection Efficiencies; 2002; Crawford, S. D., McCabe, S. E., Couper, M. P., Boyd, C. J.
- Testing Web Questionnaires; 2002; Crawford, S. D., Baker, R. P.
- A Nonresponse Analysis of a Mail-Web Mode Comparison; 2002; Boyd, C. J., Crawford, S. D., McCabe, S. E., Couper, M. P.
- Experiments on column width spacing in the University of Michigan Student Life Survey; 2001; Boyd, C. J., McCabe, S. E., Couper, M. P., Crawford, S. D.