Web Survey Bibliography
In the present paper, 4 experiments are outlined that examine context effects in signing up to a panel, and subsequent maintenance of membership and completion of surveys. In Study 1, N=10,000 Open University students were invited to join a panel by the vice-chancellor of the University. They were addressed as either 'Dear Forename', 'Dear Forename Surname', 'Dear Student' or 'Dear Open University Student' (each n=2500). Significantly more people joined the panel if addressed as 'Dear Forename' compared to 'Dear Student' or 'Dear Open University Student'. In Study 2, the salutation effect was tested on a second panel using an invitation to leave the panel (sent by the vice-chancellor). In this case, significantly more people left the panel when addressed as 'Dear Student' than 'Dear Forename', signalling that the salutation effect is not merely a superficial response, but is due to a deeper psychological process such as identification with the organization or strategic behaviour. In Study 3, panel members (n=1405) were asked by a neutral power person to participate in a survey, with a diffusion of responsibility (group size) manipulation. No effect of salutation or group size on response rates was found (mean response rate: 82%). However, there was a significant interaction between the salutation used when invited to join the panel (Study 1) and that used on the first invitation, on response rates and motivation measures. In Study 4, salutation and power were manipulated within the same experiment. A strong salutation effect was found when power of the sender was high, and not when power of the sender was neutral. Conforming with the social identity model of de- individuation (SIDE) it is argued that for this sample, responsibility and identifiability linked to create a strategic imperative to join and maintain membership of an online panel. Future studies will examine the impact of power and status of the sender, strategic behaviour and socially desirable responding in online surveys.
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Web survey bibliography - Reips, U.-D. (41)
- Using Visual Analogue Scales in eHealth: Non-Response Effects in a Lifestyle Intervention; 2016; Kuhlmann, T.; Reips, U.-D.; Wienert, J.; Lippke, S.
- Build your own social network laboratory with Social Lab: a tool for research in social media; 2014; Garaizar, P., Reips, U.-D.
- WEBDATANET: Innovation and Quality in Web-Based Data Collection ; 2014; Steinmetz, S., Slavec, A., Tijdens, K. G., Reips, U.-D., de Pedraza, P., Popescu, A., Belchior, A., ...,...
- Mining “Big Data” using Big Data Services ; 2014; Reips, U.-D., Matzat, U.
- Interactive applets on the Web for methods and statistics; 2013; McClelland, G., Reips, U.-D.
- Askito: An open source Web questionnaire tool; 2013; Reips, U.-D., Heilmann, T.
- Psychometric properties of an internet administered version of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability...; 2012; Vesteinsdottir, V., Reips, U.-D., Joinson, A. N., Porsdottir, F.
- Why semantic differentials in Web-based research should be made from visual analogue scales and not...; 2012; Funke, F., Reips, U.-D.
- Methodological challenges in the use of the Internet for scientific research: Ten solutions and recommendations...; 2011; Reips, U.-D., Buchanan, T., Krantz, J. H., McGrawn, K.Reips, U.-D.
- What are participants doing while filling in an online questionnaire: A paradata collection tool and...; 2010; Stieger, S., Reips, U.-D.
- Making small effects observable: Reducing error by using visual analogue scales; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U.-D.
- Yes, VASs can! Increasing the accuracy of survey measurements with computerized visual analogue scales...; 2009; Funke, F., Reips, U.-D.
- True Web experiments; 2009; Reips, U.-D.
- Internet questionnaires in e-health contexts: Non-response to sensitive items; 2009; Reips, U.-D., Buchanan, T., Joinson, A. N., Paine, C.
- Collecting data in surfer's paradise: Internet-mediated research yesterday, now, and tomorrow; 2009; Reips, U.-D.
- A decade of Internet-based data collection: Time is ripe for combining e-learning with i-science; 2009; Reips, U.-D.
- Experimentation within surveys; 2009; Reips, U.-D.
- Investigating causal relationships with power: Online experiments; 2009; Reips, U.-D.
- TitleInternet-basierte Messung sozialer Erwünschtheit: Theoretische Grundlagen und experimentelle Untersuchung...; 2008; Kaufmann, E., Reips, U.-D.
- Response time measurement in the lab and on the Web: A comparison; 2007; Galesic, M., Reips, U.-D., Kaczmirek, L., Czienskowski, U., Liske, N., von Oertzen, T.
- Experiments on non- response in internet- based research; 2007; Reips, U.-D.
- Dynamic Forms: Online Surveys 2.0 ; 2007; Funke, F., Reips, U.-D.
- Forced response in online surveys: bias from reactance and an increase in sex-specific dropout; 2007; Stieger, S., Reips, U. -D., Voracek, M.
- The methodology of Internet-based experiments; 2007; Reips, U.-D.
- Personalized salutation, power of sender and response rates to Web-based surveys; 2007; Joinson, A. N., Reips, U. -D.
- Web-based methods; 2006; Reips, U.-D.
- Privacy, Trust, Disclosure and the Internet; 2006; Paine, C., , Buchanan, T., Reips, U. -D.
- The Web experiment list: A Web service for the recruitment of participants and archiving of Internet...; 2005; Reips, U. -D., Lengler, R.
- Scientific LogAnalyzer: A Web-based tool for analyses of server log files in psychological research; 2004; Reips, U.-D., Stieger, S.
- Employee surveys via Internet or paper? The influence of administration mode, anonymity, voluntariness...; 2004; Reips, U.-D., Franek, L.
- Salutation, Power and behaviour in on-line panels; 2004; Joinson, A. N., Reips, U.-D.
- WEXTOR: A Web-based tool for generating and visualizing experimental designs and procedures; 2002; Reips, U.-D., Neuhaus, C.
- WeXtor 2.5: Develop, manage, and visualize experimental designs and procedures; 2002; Reips, U.-D., Blumer, T., Neuhaus, C.
- Social desirable responding and age on the Internet: older participants in online studies show a higher...; 2002; Reips, U.-D., Stoeber, J., Hahn, A.
- Internet-Based Psychological Experimenting: Five Dos and Five Don'ts; 2002; Reips, U.-D.
- The Kid's Experimental Psychology Lab: A Web Site for Internet Research with Children; 2002; Frick, A., Reips, U.-D.
- Platform-dependent biases in Online Research: Do Mac users really think different?; 2001; Buchanan, T., Reips, U.-D.
- Financial Incentives, Personal Information and Drop-Out in Online Studies; 2001; Frick, A., Bachtiger, M. T., Reips, U.-D.
- A Brief History of Web Experimenting; 2000; Musch, J., Reips, U.-D.
- Current Internet science - trends, techniques, results. ; 1999; Reips, U.-D., Batinic, B., Bandilla, W., Bosnjak, M., Graef, L., Moser, K., Werner, A.
- Drop-out caused by JavaScript: "I could not have expected this to happen " - A Web experiment...; 1999; Reips, U.-D., Schwarz, S.