Web Survey Bibliography
Relevance & Research Question: For several years, the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) has been working on the systematic implementation of questionnaire testing. A pretest laboratory was established in 2007 and complemented by an eye tracker in 2009. Questionnaires of online surveys are now increasingly evaluated by qualitative testing methods and redesigned to reduce the burden for respondents and to increase data quality of official statistics.
Methods & Data: Pretesting online questionnaires shall improve their usability, functionality and comprehensibility. At the FSO, a three step approach is applied: Firstly, we observe eye movements and facial expressions (in real-time), while respondents deal with the questionnaire. Secondly, we conduct cognitive interviews afterwards in order to discover the reasons why respondents proceeded the way they did. Thirdly, we evaluate the process of self-completing by eye tracking data (e. g. ‘Areas of Interest’) and the sequence of mouse clicks.
Results: Each source of information has its strengths and weaknesses: Generally, it is challenging to analyze eye tracking data. It is for example difficult to assess whether a longer fixation duration indicates problems or simply a higher interest in a question. Consequently, the interpretation might be misleading without profound background knowledge. From a different angle, results derived from cognitive interviews are of minor value if the answers of respondents seem to be determined by effects like acquiescence, social desirability or limited capacity for remembering and verbalizing cognitive processes. By linking our sources of information (“triangulation”) we are able to provide more valid pretesting results and recommendations for improving online questionnaires.
Added Value: When online questionnaires are tested at the FSO, cognitive interviews are conducted after eye tracking itself. Combining both methods has given us insights into users’ behaviour when reading off screen and their expectations concerning navigation. The analyses illustrate whether respondents perceive links to detailed explanations, skip instructions or entire lists of response options. General advice is provided on wording and design principles for improving online questionnaires. Our findings lead us directly to Steve Krug’s (2006) saying: “Don’t make me think!”
Conference Homepage (abstract)
Web survey bibliography - 2010 (251)
- Running experiments on Amazon Mechanical Turk; 2010; Paolacci, G., Chandler, J., Ipeirotis, P. G.
- Making Good Use of Survey Paradata; 2010; Lynn, P., Nicolaas, G.
- Questionnaire Length, Fatigue Effects and Response Quality Revisited; 2010; Cape, P. J.
- Preventing Satisficing in Online Surveys: A “Kapcha” to Ensure Higher Quality Data...; 2010; Chandler, D., Kapelner, A.
- Game on; 2010; Ewing, T.
- Respondent Engagement: How Much Does it Matter?; 2010
- The Internet and Social Inequalities; 2010; Mannon, S.E.; Witte, J. C.
- Need to Improve Routine HIV Testing of U.S. Veterans in Care: Results of an Internet Survey; 2010; Valdiserri, R. O., Nazi, K., McInnes, D. K., Ross, D., Kinsinger, L.
- The Prevalence of Chronic Pain in United States Adults: Results of an Internet-Based Survey; 2010; Johannes, C. B., Le, T. K., Zhou, X., Johnston, J. A., Dworkin, R. H.
- Response Rates in Organizational Science, 1995–2008: A Meta-analytic Review and Guidelines for...; 2010; Anseel, F., Lievens, F., Schollaert, E., Choragwicka, B.
- Marketing Research: Methodological Foundations; 2010; Iacobucci, D., Churchill, G.A. Jr.
- Computer Assisted Interview Testing Tool (CTT) - a review of new features and how the tool has improved...; 2010; Stark, R., Gatward, R.
- Address-based Sampling Nets Success for KnowledgePanel® Recruitment and Sample Representation; 2010; DiSogra, C.
- A method of automated nonparametric content analysis for social science; 2010; Hopkins, D. J., King, G.
- Developing a web explicit research strategy theory in African universities: a cross-comparison of specific...; 2010; Kirigha, K. A., Neema-A.
- The use of paradata to monitor and manage survey data collection; 2010; Kreuter, F., Couper, M. P., Lyberg, L. E.
- Mitigating Online Survey Nonresponse Error In Aviation Research; 2010; Ison, D. C.
- Optimizing response rates in online surveys; 2010; Kaczmirek, L.
- The Decision Maker's Guide to Online Research; 2010
- Mixed-Method Approaches to Social Network Analysis; 2010; Edwards, G.
- Measuring Intent to Participate and Participation in the 2010 Census and Their Correlates and Trends...; 2010; Pasek, J., Krosnick, J. A.
- Nonresponse and Measurement Error in Mobile Phone Surveys ; 2010; Kennedy, C.
- Wordle; 2010; Feinberg, J.
- What it takes to be a top 100 website; 2010
- Total Survey Error: past, present, and future; 2010; Groves, R. M., Lyberg, L. E.
- There is an app for that! A review of smartphone apps for marketing research; 2010; Michelson, M.
- The who, what, and where of America: Understanding the American Community Survey; 2010; Gaquin, D. A.
- The weirdest people in the world?; 2010; Heine, S. J., Henrich, J., Norenzayan, A.
- The state of online research in the U.S.; 2010; Miller, J.
- The psychology or survey response. An ASA webinar; 2010; Tourangeau, R.
- The psychology of survey response, 2nd Edition; 2010; Tourangeau, R., Bradburn, N. M.
- The multidimensional integral business survey response model; 2010; Bavdaz, M.
- The impact of next and back buttons on time to complete and measurement reliability in computer-based...; 2010; Hays, R. D., Bode, R., Rothrock, N., Riley, W., Cella, D., Gershon, R.
- The Gallup Poll: Public opinion 2009; 2010; Gallup, A. M.
- Surveying cultures: Discovering shared conceptions and sentiments; 2010; Heise, D. R.
- Site-intercpet survey best practices; 2010; Henning, J.
- Sampling: design and analysis, 2nd Edition; 2010; Lohr, S. L.
- Research synthesis. AAPOR report on online panels; 2010; Brick, J. M., Baker, R., Blumberg, S. J., Couper, M. P., Courtright, M., Dennis, J. M., Dillman, D....
- Recruiting probability samples for a multi-mode research panel with Internet and mail components; 2010; Rao, K.
- Real ID. State of The Art Representative and Repeatable Online Samples. Behaviorally Profiled Respondents...; 2010; Gittelman, S. H., Trimarchi, E.
- Randomized response and indirect questioning techniques in surveys; 2010; Chaudhuri, A.
- Protecting and accessing data from the survey of earned doctorates: A workshop summary; 2010; Plewes, T. J.
- Paradata: a new data source from web-administered measures; 2010; Sowan, A. K., Jenkins, L. S.
- Overview of data collection methodology; 2010
- On-the-go and in-the-moment. Mobile research offers speed, immediacy; 2010; Pferdekamper, T.
- Mixed-mode surveys; 2010; Dillman, D. A., Messer, B. L.
- Measuring the group quarters population in the American Community Survey: Interim report; 2010; Marton, K., Voss, P. R.
- Measures of interobserver agreement and reliability; 2010; Shoukri, M. M.
- Machines that lean how to code open ended survey data; 2010; Esuli, A., Sebastiani, F.
- Libraries nationwide receiving ALA-APA Library Salary Survey Invitation; 2010; Grady, J.