Web Survey Bibliography
In developing self-administered interviewing systems that go beyond text, survey designers are faced with choices about the virtual ―interviewer‘s‖ (VI‘s) attributes. In ACASI and IVR, for example, designers must select interviewers‘ voices. Any visual representation of an interviewer (e.g., a photograph, a video) requires choices about the interviewer‘s appearance. In earlier work we have demonstrated that such choices can affect answers; for example, we have shown that respondents report different numbers of lifetime sexual partners depending on the extent of a virtual interviewer‘s facial movement, much as occurs in comparing answers between human and ACASI administration. Here we investigate whether a VI‘s appearance--in particular the attributes that might lead respondents to think of the VI as belonging to a particular racial group or a particular gender--affects respondents‘ answers to race- and gender- related questions. In a web survey of 1735 respondents (half Black and half White, half female and half male), respondents answered (clicking or typing) questions about race and gender issues asked by one of 16 animated interviewers (Black, White, female, male). We observed race-of-VI effects on several racerelated questions, but no gender-of-VI effects on gender-related questions. For example, more respondents reported strong (rather than not strong) opposition to preferences in hiring when the question was posed by a VI identifiable as White. When respondents were asked (post-interview) to choose a VI for a hypothetical future interview, black respondents were particularly likely to choose a black VI. The fact that non-human ―interviewers‖ can elicit effects akin to those found with human interviewers raises questions about the mechanisms underlying race- and gender- of interviewer effects more generally.
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Web survey bibliography - 2011 (358)
- Comments on the paper - Geetha Garib: Perceived diversity among employees; 2011; Vehovar, V.
- Framing Effects and Expected Social Security Claiming Behavior; 2011; Brown, Je., Kapteyn, A., Mitchell, O. S.
- Framing Effects and Expected Social Security Claiming Behavior; 2011; Brown, Je., Kapteyn, A., Mitchell, O. S.
- Building an Online Immigrant Panel: Response and Representativity; 2011; Scherpenzeel, A.
- Effects of Incentives and Prenotification on Response Rates and Costs in a National Web Survey of Physicians...; 2011; Bonham, V., Day, B., Dykema, J., Sellers, S., Stevenson, J.
- Nonsampling errors in dual frame telephone surveys ; 2011; Brick, J. M., Flores Cervantes, I., Lee, S., Norman, G.
- Measurement invariance in training evaluation: Old question, new context; 2011; P., Gissel, A., Stoughton, J. W., Whelan, T. J.Clark, A. P.
- Towards Usage of Avatar Interviewers in Web Surveys; 2011; Jans, M., Malakhoff, L.
- Measurement Error in Mixed Mode Surveys: Mode or Question Format?; 2011; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J.
- Toward a Benefit-Cost Theory of Survey Participation: Evidence, Further Tests, and Implications; 2011; Singer, E.
- Using Community Information and Survey Methodology for Bias Reduction to Enhance the Quality of the...; 2011; Harvey, J., Prabhakaran, J., Spera, C., Zhang, Zh.
- Response Quantity, Response Quality, and Costs of Building an Online Panel via Social Contacts.; 2011; Toepoel, V.
- The Influence Of The Direction Of Likert-Type Scales In Web Surveys On Response Behavior In Different...; 2011; Keusch, F.
- An Injured Party?: A Comparison of Political Party Response Formats in Party Identification.; 2011; Schwarz, S., Barlas, F. M., Thomas, R. K., Corso, R. A., Szoc, R.
- An Injured Party?: A Comparison of Political Party Response Formats in Party Identification.; 2011; Schwarz, S., Barlas, F. M., Thomas, R. K., Corso, R. A., Szoc, R.
- Asking Sensitive Questions: Do They Affect Participation In Follow-Up Surveys?; 2011; Schaurer, I., Struminskaya, B., Kaczmirek, L., Bandilla, W.
- Designing Questions for Web Surveys: Effects of Check-List, Check-All, and Stand-Alone Response Formats...; 2011; Dykema, J., Schaeffer, N. C., Beach, J., Lein, V., Day, B.
- Differential Sampling Based on Historical Individual-Level Data in Online Panels.; 2011; Kelly, R. H.
- Web Survey Live Validations - What Are They Doing?; 2011; Crawford, S. D., McClain, C.
- Comparing Numeric and Text Open-End Responses in Mail and Web Surveys.; 2011; Olson, K., Smyth, J.
- Effects of Response Formats when Measuring Attitudes in Consumer Web Surveys Across Markets.; 2011; Couper, M. P., Nunge, E.
- Re-Examining the Validity of Different Survey Modes for Measuring Public Opinion in the U.S.: Findings...; 2011; Ansolabehere, S., Fraga, B., Schaffner, B. F.
- How to Survey All 14 000 Swedish Local Political Representatives And Get 10 000 Responses.; 2011; Gilljam, M., Granberg, D., Holm, B., Persson, M.
- Measuring User Satisfaction in the Lab: Questionnaire Mode, Physical Location, and Social Presence Concerns...; 2011; Jans, M., Romano, J. C., Ashenfelter, K. T., Krosnick, J. A.
- Interactive interventions in web surveys can increase response accuracy.; 2011; Conrad, F. G.
- Impact on Data Quality of Making Incentives Salient in Web Survey Invitations.; 2011; Zhang, Che.
- Effects of Mode and Incentives on Response Rates, Costs, and Response Quality in a Mixed Mode Survey...; 2011; Stevenson, J., Dykema, J., Kniss, C., Black, P., Moberg, P.
- Effects of Differential Incentives on Response Rates in Four Countries for a Web-based Follow Up Survey...; 2011; McSpurren, K.
- Completing Web Surveys on Cell-enabled iPads.; 2011; Dayton, J., Driscoll, H.
- The Social Aspect of the Digital Divide; 2011; Johnson, E. P.
- Which Technologies Do Respondents Use in Online Surveys – An International Comparison?; 2011; Kaczmirek, L., Behr, D., Bandilla, W.
- Matrix Questionnaire Design to Reduce Measurement Error; 2011; Peytchev, A., Peytcheva, E.
- Race-of-Virtual-Interviewer Effects; 2011; Conrad, F. G., Schober, M. F., Nielsen, D.
- Which Web Survey Respondents Are Most Likely to Click for Clarification?; 2011; Coiner, T., Schober, M. F., Conrad, F. G.
- Providing Clarifying Instructions in a Web Survey; 2011; Redline, C. D.
- Does social desirability compromise self-reports of physical activity in web-based research?; 2011; Crutzen, R., Goeritz, A.
- Use of new technologies in social research: Self-administered mobile surveys; 2011; Bosnjak, M.
- An Alternative to the Response Rate for Measuring a Survey's Realization of the Target Population; 2011; Skalland, B.
- Should I Stay or Should I go: The Effects of Progress Feedback, Promised Task Duration, and Length of...; 2011; Yan, T., Conrad, F. G., Tourangeau, R., Couper, M. P.
- Internet-Based Follow-Up Questionnaire for Measuring Patient-Reported Outcome after Total Hip Replacement...; 2011; Rolfson, O., Salomonsson, R., Garellick, G., Dahlberg, L. E.
- Nonresponse in Web Surveys ; 2011; Lozar Manfreda, K., Berzelak, N., Vehovar, V.
- Kids' Life and Times: using an Internet survey to measure children's health-related quality...; 2011; Lloyd, K.
- Features of the Z-scoring method in graphical two-dimensional web surveys: the case of ZEF; 2011; Selkaelae, A., Ronkainen, S., Alasaarela, E.
- Can Verbal Instructions Counteract Visual Context Effects in Web Surveys?; 2011; Toepoel, V., Couper, M. P.
- Can Internet surveys help us understanding allergic disorders? – results from a large survey in...; 2011; Kalogeromitros, D., Psaltopoulou, T., Makris, M., Koti, I., Chliva, C., Stefanadi, E., Hatziagelaki,...
- Development and Pilot Testing of an Internet-Based Survey Instrument to Measure the Alcohol Brand Preferences...; 2011; Siegel, M., DiLoreto, J., Johnson, An., Fortunato, E. K., DeJong, W.
- Can web surveys provide an adequate alternative to phone and face to face surveys?; 2011; Bethlehem, J.
- Online qualitative approaches: an appraisal; 2011; Parker, Ke.
- E-survey (surveys based on e-mail & web) Analysis and identification of cold responsive proteins in...; 2011; Sodabeh, J.-G., Ferdous, R.-J., Lello, Z., Ghasem, K., Ghasem, H. S., Gholipoori, A., Siroos, M., Sajjad...
- Development of a web-based survey system for evaluating affective satisfaction ; 2011; Cho, Y., Han, S. H., Kang, S., Park, J.