Web Survey Bibliography
The estimation of measurement effects (MEs) of survey modes in the presence of selection bias poses a great problem to methodologists. In practice, unit nonresponse is often assumed to be ignorable (MAR) conditional on socio-demographic auxiliary data for lack of other sample-level information. Since socio-demographics commonly are only weakly related to target variables or selection mechanisms this assumption often may not hold true.
We present a new method to estimate MEs by means of “within-subject designs”, in which the same sample is approached by two different modes at two subsequent points in time. This design allows ignoring nonresponse on repeatedly measured target variables implying weaker MAR assumptions, because repeated target variables typically are strongly related. Further assumptions of this design are discussed in detail, in particular (a) time-stability of target variables and response probabilities and (b) the independence of measurement occasions. In extensions of simple within-subject designs, an independent control group, to which the same mode is assigned at both occasions, is useful to test these assumptions and adjust for time-instability.
Reports, seminars
Web survey bibliography - Hox, J. (23)
- Mixed Mode Research: Issues in Design and Analysis; 2016; Hox, J.; De Leeuw, E. D.; Klausch, L. T.
- Internet Panels, Professional Respondents, and Data Quality; 2015; Matthijsse, S.; De Leeuw, E. D.; Hox, J.
- Selection error in single- and mixed mode surveys of the Dutch general population; 2015; Hox, J., Klausch, L. T., Schouten, B.
- Evaluating mixed-mode redesign strategies against benchmark surveys: the case of the Crime Victimization...; 2014; Klausch, L. T., Hox, J., Schouten, B.
- The use of within-subject experiments for estimating measurement effects in mixed-mode surveys ; 2014; Klausch, L. T., Schouten, B., Hox, J.
- Pret met panels [Fun online]; 2013; Roberts, A., de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Klausch, L. T., de Jongh, A.
- Leuker kunnen wij het wel maken. Online vragenlijst design: standaard matrix of scrollmatrix (We can...; 2013; Roberts, A., de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Klausch, L. T., de Jongh, A.
- Internet Coverage and Coverage Bias in Europe: Developments Across Countries and Over Time; 2013; Mohorko, A., de Leeuw, E. D.,Hox, J.
- Measurement Effects of Survey Mode on the Equivalence of Attitudinal Rating Scale Questions; 2013; Klausch, L. T., Hox, J., Hox, J., Schouten, B.
- Random versus Systematic Error in a Mixed Mode Online-Telephone Survey; 2013; Hox, J., Scherpenzeel, A., Boeve, A., Boeve, A., de Leeuw, E. D.
- Estimating Measurement Effects of Survey Modes From Between and Within Subject Designs; 2013; Klausch, L. T., Hox, J., Schouten, B.
- Does one really know?: Avoiding noninformative answers in a reliable way.; 2013; de Leeuw, E. D., Boevee, A., Hox, J.
- Design of Web Questionnaires: Matrix Questions or Single Question Formats ; 2012; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Klausch, L. T., Roberts, A., de Jongh, A.
- Question or Mode Effects in Mixed-Mode surveys: A Cross-cultural study in the Netherlands, Germany,...; 2012; de Leeuw, E. D., Nicolaas, G., Campanelli, P., Hox, J.
- Assessing Measurement Equivalence and Bias of Questions in Mixed-mode Surveys Under Controlled Sample...; 2012; Klausch, L. T., Hox, J., Schouten, B.
- The Representativity of Web Surveys of the General Population compared to Traditional Modes and Mixed...; 2012; Klausch, L. T., Schouten, B., Hox, J.
- Matrix vs. Single Question Formats in Web Surveys: Results from a large scale experiment; 2012; Klausch, L. T., de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., de Jongh, A., Roberts , A.
- Flexibility of Web Surveys: Probing 'do-not-know' over the Phone and on the Web; 2011; Hox, J., de Leeuw, E. D.
- Mode Effect or Question Wording? Measurement Error in Mixed Mode Surveys; 2011; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Scherpenzeel, A.
- Measurement Error in Mixed Mode Surveys: Mode or Question Format?; 2011; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J.
- Missing data; 2008; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J.
- The influence of advance letters on response in telephone surveys; 2007; de Leeuw, E. D., Callegaro, M., Hox, J., Korendijk, E., Lensvelt-Mulders, G. J.
- The effect of computer-assisted interviewing on data quality: A review.; 1995; de Leeuw, E. D., Hox, J., Snijkers, G.