Web Survey Bibliography
According to several authors, it is important for survey respondents to have an understanding of their progress within a questionnaire. This can be achieved by displaying a "progress indicator" indicating how much of the questionnaire has been completed. Empirical evidence on the effectiveness of such timers remains scarce and mixed (Conrad et al., 2003). A web experiment was set up to test the effects of progress indicators (n=2,520). The experiment included a number of factors that could potentially interact with the presence or absence of a timer (specific vs. vague time indications in the e-mail invitation and allowing a random subset of respondents to select whether or not to display the timer). A few observations could be made.Presenting the timer significantly reduced the item missing data rate, but break-off rates were not decreased. It was also found that it could be hazardous to allow respondents to select whether to display the timer, for not choosing the timer results in significantly higher break-off rates. Also, it was found that displaying a timer reduces the likelihood of participants saying the survey was too long, which in turn is negatively associated with the inclination to cooperate with a future study. Analyses of more exploratory nature revealed that timers tend to reduce the probability that respondents interrupt filling in the survey, which could indirectly increase data quality. Overall, it could be concluded that timers have limited abilities to increase data quality. However, more than three quarters of the respondents given the choice regarding timer display opted to have it displayed. This conveys that most respondents have come to expect timers and wish to receive feedback on their progress. It therefore urges future research to investigate how progress bars are best used in web surveys.
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Web survey bibliography - Other (439)
- Perceptions of News Credibility about the War in Iraq: Why War Opponents Perceived the Internet as the...; 2006; Choi, J. H., Watt, J. H., Lynch, M.
- The Internet and Anti-War Activism: A Case Study of Information, Expression, and Action; 2006; Nah, S., Veenstra, A. S., Shah, D. V.
- An investigation of the effect of lotteries on web survey response rates; 2006; Heerwegh, D.
- The ethics of research using electronic mail discussion groups; 2005; Kralik, D., Warren, J., Koch, T., Pignone, G., Price, K.
- The Analyses of Domestic Study about Internet Survey; 2005; Rui, L., Tie-ying, S.
- The Effect Of A Simultaneous Mixed-Mode (Mail And Web) Survey On Respondent Characteristics And Survey...; 2005; Brennan, M.
- Developing and validating a nursing website evaluation questionnaire; 2005; Tsai, S. - L., Chai, S.-K.
- The Web experiment list: A Web service for the recruitment of participants and archiving of Internet...; 2005; Reips, U. -D., Lengler, R.
- Survey of substance use among high school students in Taipei: Web-based questionnaire versus paper-and...; 2005; Wang, Y. C., Lee, C. M., Lew-Ting, C. Y., Hsiao, C. K., Chen, W. J.
- Sampling procedure, questionnaire design, online implementation; 2005; Jackob, N., Arens, J., Zerback, T., Jowell, R., de Rouvray, C.
- Exploring users' attitudes and intentions toward the web as a survey tool; 2005; Huang, H.-M., Liaw, S. S.
- Response and Field Period Effects: The Effect of Time in Online Market Research and Consequences for...; 2004; Basso Larsen, R., Rathod, S.
- Design and Application of On-line Questionnaries: Experiences from Micronesia; 2004; O'Neill, J. G., Spennemann, D. H. R.
- Scientific LogAnalyzer: A Web-based tool for analyses of server log files in psychological research; 2004; Reips, U.-D., Stieger, S.
- Identifying and Reducing Response Burdens in Internet Business Surveys; 2004; Haraldsen, G.
- Developing automated e-survey and control tools: an application in industrial management; 2004; Scornavacca Jr., E., Becker, J. L., Barnes, S.
- Using progress indicators in web surveys; 2004; Heerwegh, D.
- Employee surveys via Internet or paper? The influence of administration mode, anonymity, voluntariness...; 2004; Reips, U.-D., Franek, L.
- Experiences in e-survey development for IS research: Lessons from the use of automated control tools; 2003; Scornavacca Jr., E., Becker, J. L., Barnes, S.
- Impact of messages on concomitant use of nicotine replacement therapy and cigarettes: a randomized trial...; 2003; le Houezec, J., Landfeldt, B., Etter, J.-F.
- The feasibility of computer-assisted survey interviewing in Africa: Experience from two rural districts...; 2003; Hewett, P. C., Erulkar, A. S., Mensch, B. S.
- Identifying key factors affecting consumer purchase behavior in an online shopping context; 2003; Park, C.-H., Kim, Y.-G.
- On-line qualitative market research: Interviewing the world at a fingertip; 2002; Scholl, N., Mulders, S., Drent, R.
- Group decision making in a multiple criteria environment: A case using the AHP in software selection; 2002; Lai, V.S., Wong, B.K., Cheung, W.
- WEXTOR: A Web-based tool for generating and visualizing experimental designs and procedures; 2002; Reips, U.-D., Neuhaus, C.
- Drawing a few from many; 2002; Fitzgerald, A.
- The Kid's Experimental Psychology Lab: A Web Site for Internet Research with Children; 2002; Frick, A., Reips, U.-D.
- Work-life balance among Croatian employees: role time commitment, work-home interference and well-being...; 2002; Sverko, B. B., Araasic, L., Galesic, M.
- Electronic data collection in Statistic Norway; 2002; Sæbø, H. V., Gloersen, R., Sve, D.
- Web Surveys: The Effect of Controlling Survey Access using PIN Numbers; 2002; Heerwegh, D., Loosveldt, G.
- Going Global: Issues in Applying Internet; 2001; Bauman, S., Jobity, N., Wilson, D., Atak, H., Deis, M., Airey, J.
- Affective dimensions of Internet culture; 2001; King, A. B.
- Measuring the Flow Construct in Online Environments: A Structural Modeling Approach; 1999; Novak, T. P., Hoffman, D. L., Yung, Y.-F.
- Realtime Interviewing Using the World Wide Web; 1999; Chen, Pe., Hilton, S. M.
- Comparing Seven Forms of Online Surveying; 1999; MacElroy, B.
- Ethical decision making in business: A comparison between New Zealand decision makers and a World Wide...; 1999; Frey, B. F.
- A case study of an on-line auction for the World Wide Web; 1998; Tjostheim, I., Eide, J.-O.
- The top 10 FAQs about on-line research; 1998; MacElroy, B.
- Response-Order Effects in Likert-Type Scales; 1991; Chan, J. C.