Web Survey Bibliography
Self-selected samples and the lack of representativity of internet users, on topics other than the internet or computers, remain the prominent problems of standardized online surveys. The inherent coverage bias means that, in many cases, populations cannot be reflected by the internet community, for not everybody has access to the internet and, thus, the chance to respond. Often times, the sampling procedure cannot be carried out in the same manner as for classical data collection, which incurs further problems like sampling bias or self-recruitment. The quantification of the nonresponse bias and other statistical measures of fit is basically impracticable; therefore, judgements on data quality fail or have to be doubted.
The object of this study was a parallel, written and web-based, student evaluation survey. In order to isolate possible biases, a two-stage process was applied: first, a laboratory experiment assessed the measurement error caused by the collection mode. Subsequently, a random sample (n=484; N=985) were surveyed, testing for nonresponse bias. During both stages, respondents were randomly assigned to one of the two modes, both of which using the same questionnaire in terms of its content. As a result, significant differences occurred neither for the answers given nor for the rate of return, but only for the speed of return. As a consequence, this pilot project may be extended into an interconnected study at several nearby universities, gaining further consolidated findings on the comparability of modes and preparing a federal investigation.
Selbstselektierte Stichproben und fehlende Repräsentativität von Internetnutzern bei Erhebungsthemen jenseits von Internet und Computern sind die Hauptprobleme von standardisierten Online-Befragungen. Das medienbedingte Coverage-Problem führt dazu, daß die abzubildenden Grundgesamtheiten für viele Fragestellungen durch die Internetnutzer noch nicht widergespiegelt werden, weil nicht jedes Subjekt Zugang zum Internet und somit keine Möglichkeit zur Teilnahme hat. Stichprobenziehungen sind in der Praxis häufig nicht in gleicher Weise möglich wie bei klassischen Erhebungsformen, was zu weiteren Verzerrungseffekten durch Stichprobenfehler oder Selbstrekrutierung führt. Die Quantifizierung des Nonresponse-Fehlers sowie weiterer inferenzstatistischer Gütekriterien wird dadurch weitestgehend unmöglich, so daß Aussagen über die Datenqualität meist ausbleiben oder zweifelhaft sind.
Untersuchungsgegenstand dieser Studie ist eine parallele schriftliche und web-basierte Studierendenbefragung zum Hochschulranking. Um mögliche Verzerrungseffekte zu isolieren, wird ein zweistufiges Verfahren eingesetzt, wobei im ersten Schritt der methodenbedingte Meßfehler durch ein Laborexperiment bestimmt wird. In der anschließenden Felderhebung zur Ermittlung des Nonresponse-Fehlers wird eine Zufallsstichprobe (n=484; N=985) ausgewählt. In beiden Phasen werden die Probanden zufällig einer der beiden zu vergleichenden Erhebungsmethoden zugewiesen und inhaltlich die gleichen Meßinstrumente (HTML- bzw. Papierfragebogen) eingesetzt. Im Ergebnis traten signifikante Unterschiede zwischen beiden Erhebungsmethoden weder bei den gegebenen Antworten noch bei den Rücklaufquoten auf, sondern nur bei der Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit. In der Folge könnte dieses Pilotprojekt als Verbunduntersuchung auf weitere Fakultäten an den nordrhein-westfälischen Universitäten an Rhein und Ruhr ausgeweitet werden, um die Erkenntnisse über die Vergleichbarkeit zu verdichten und eine bundesweite Ausdehnung vorzubereiten.
Homepage - conference (abstract)
Web survey bibliography - 2002 (87)
- On-line qualitative market research: Interviewing the world at a fingertip; 2002; Scholl, N., Mulders, S., Drent, R.
- A lesson model: Using the Web for research; 2002; Grant, S.
- Willingness to Pay for Organic Foods: A Comparison between Survey Data and Panel Data from Denmark ; 2002; Millock, K.; Hansen, L.G.; Wier, M.; Andersen, L.M
- The Differential Effects of Face-to-Face and Computer Interview Modes; 2002; Cooley, P. C.; Des Jarlais, D.C.; Gribble, J.; Newman, J.C.; F.; Paone, D.; Turner, C. F.
- Group decision making in a multiple criteria environment: A case using the AHP in software selection; 2002; Lai, V.S., Wong, B.K., Cheung, W.
- Cognitive Laboratory Experiences : On Pre-testing Computerised Questionnaires; 2002; Snijkers, G.
- Methodological Issues In Web-based Research; 2002; Duffy, M. E.
- Solicitation by e-Mail and solicitor's status: A field study of social research influence on the...; 2002; Gueguen, N., Jacob, C.
- Trends in marketing research and their impact on survey research sampling; 2002; Anich, B.
- Standards questionnaire format; 2002
- Psychological reactions to terrorist attacks. Findings from the national study of American's reactions...; 2002; Thalji, L., Schlenger, W. E., Caddell, J. M., Ebert, L., Jordan, B. K., Rourke, K. M., Willson, D.,...
- Predicting the future of consumer panels; 2002; Wansink, B., Sudman, S.
- New approaches to assessing opinion: The prospects for electronic mail surveys; 2002; Best, S. J., Krueger, B. S.
- More than a thousand words? Visual cues and visual knowledge; 2002; Prior, M.
- E-Research: Ethics, security, design, and control in psychological research on the Internet; 2002; Banaji, M., Greenwald, A., Nosek, B.
- Demand characteristics in the laboratory and the clinic: Conversations and collaborations with subjects...; 2002; Kihlstrom, J. F.
- Bracketing effects in categorized survey questions and the measurement of economic quantities; 2002; Winter, J.
- A D-minus for computer exams; 2002; Mayfield, K.
- The use of incentives to reduce nonresponse household surveys; 2002; Singer, E.
- Ethnical guidelines for internet research; 2002
- WEXTOR: A Web-based tool for generating and visualizing experimental designs and procedures; 2002; Reips, U.-D., Neuhaus, C.
- Studying hate crime with the Internet: What makes racist advocate racial violence?; 2002; Glaser, J., Dixit, J., Green, D. P.
- Cognitive processes when answering online questionnaires; 2002; Fuchs, M.
- Using client side paradata to evaluate respondent behavior in Web surveys; 2002; Heerwegh, D.
- Doec propensity score weighting work for Web Surveys; 2002; Forsman, G., Varedian, M.
- Visual design issues in Web surveys; 2002; Couper, M. P.
- Results from cognitive interviews of nsf earned doctorate Web survey; 2002; Altheimer, I., Dillman, D. A.
- Conducting Survey Research Through an Enhanced Online Web Survey Procedure ; 2002; Theuri, P. M., Turner, L. D.
- Community views on crime and policing: Survey mode effects on bias in community surveys; 2002; Hennigan, K. M., Maxson, C. L., Sloane, D., Ranney, M.
- From Paper-and-Pencil to Screen-and-Keyboard: An Empirical Assessment of Equivalence Issues in Internet...; 2002; Deutskens, E., de Ruyter, K., Wetzels, M.
- Survey of Doctors' Experience of Patients Using the Internet; 2002; Potts, H. W. W., Wyatt, J. C., Pagerey, P. D.
- Libraries and desktop storage options: results of a Web-based survey; 2002; Hendricks, A., Wang, Ji.
- The local/global decision in Internet research; 2002; Crawford, S. D., Jones, S., Rowen, C.
- Hard Choices, Easy Answers: Values, Information, and American Public Opinion; 2002; Alvarez, M. R., Brehm, J.
- Evaluation of Web Survey Data Collection Systems; 2002; Crawford, S. D.
- Online surveys with simple random samples for large populations; 2002; Kreuels, B.
- Sampling problems in research on personal Homepages; 2002; Marcus, B., Machilek, F., Schuetz, A., Kilian, C.
- Selecting a consumer panel service; 2002; Sudman, S., Wansink, B.
- Compare and contrast; 2002; Kindig, L.
- Software Review: CAVI from OpinionOne; 2002; Macer, T.
- Supplier Side: Survey programming integration; 2002; Mitrano, M.
- Humbug, science, survey research; 2002; Litman, J.
- Drawing a few from many; 2002; Fitzgerald, A.
- If given the choice; 2002; Allison, J., O'Konis, C.
- At my own pace in my own place; 2002; Downes-Le Guin, T.
- Privacy, please; 2002; Mack, B.
- My opinion counts; 2002; Solomon, M. B.
- Multi-mode research dos and don'ts; 2002; Hogg, A.
- Qualitatively Speaking: Online focus groups...here today, not gone tomorrow; 2002; Yoffie, A. J.
- Net research suffers due to failed promise; 2002; Tortorello, N. J.